Changing the oil in the gearbox. How much, when and what gear oil to fill? Why do you need to control the oil volume in the gearbox? What kind of oil is poured into the gearbox - types of oil for different gearboxes

The gearbox decides a lot in a car. If it does not work as it should, then the least is that the car’s fuel consumption will increase. And the worst thing is that the gearbox will have to be changed. Therefore, periodically it is necessary to carry out maintenance for the gearbox. The simplest thing you can do yourself (although we recommend entrusting this work to professionals from a car service) is to change the oil on time. Let's figure out how to do it correctly and which oil to choose.

When to change gearbox oil

Here opinions differ, as does the real need for gearboxes to change the oil. Some devices require complete replacement after 80-120 thousand kilometers, while others can travel for 400 thousand without any problems. A lot depends on the condition and “age” of the gearbox.

I would also like to note such an important point as the fact that in automatic transmission Transmission fluid MUST be changed! Manufacturers assure us that this is not necessary, that the oil does not change, but let's think together. Over time, parts wear out and metal shavings appear in the oil. It leads to even more production. As a result, the automatic (like any other) gearbox is “killed”. Draw your own conclusions.

How much does it cost to replace hydraulics?

This is a really burning question - how much does an oil change cost? Oil prices are rising right before our eyes, and it needs to be changed, otherwise there will be even more expensive repairs. So let's discuss this issue. Since the dollar “jumps”, and with it prices, we will start from this monetary unit.

On average, a liter of gearbox fluid costs around $4-8. And the average gearbox of a passenger car holds about 4 liters.

Here also write down the cost item directly for the lubricant change itself. As we wrote above, we strongly recommend using the services of a car service. You can order either a partial or complete fluid change from them. The first will cost about 600-800 rubles, and the second – about 1200.

Why is there such a big spread? The thing is that in the first case everything is done manually, and in the second a special automatic machine will be used that will completely wash old grease from the system and will drive a new one there.

Also note that in case of a complete replacement, the amount of fluid should be greater, about one and a half to two times.

Which replacement to choose is up to you.

There is one more point that is worth your attention. At partial replacement Before purchasing, find out what kind of lubricant was previously poured into the gearbox. There is no need to mix products from different manufacturers.

Well, if you didn’t listen to our advice, then carefully collect all the oil that spilled out and see how many liters there were. You need to fill the same volume. Of course, later you can look at the points on the dipstick, but it’s better to immediately know exactly how much to pour. The volume of oil in the automatic transmission also needs to be filled strictly limited. Less - the machine will jerk the car. More is also bad.

The transmission fluid must be changed “hot”. That is, the engine temperature should be operating - about 80 degrees.

Types of oils

Not only checkpoints are coming different types. Transmission fluids are also divided into several types:

Hydraulics type:

synthetic;
semi-synthetic;
mineral;
hydrocracking.

Viscosity:

highly viscous;
low viscosity.

For different types of gearboxes:

for automatic machines;
For mechanical boxes gears;
for variators.

Get a container in advance to collect used transmission oil. It should be at least 4-5 liters, and put another one next to you just in case. Such a move will not be superfluous.

If you don't want to know what used oil feels like, wear gloves.

If you have an automatic transmission in your car, then when using sealant (if you remove the transmission pan), choose it carefully. The fact is that automatic transmission oil is more caustic. Ordinary sealant is corroded very well by such a lubricant. There are special sealants for use with this type of transmission oil.

If you do not have the opportunity to fill the lubricant through the hole where the dipstick is inserted, you will have to climb to the filling hole. It is usually located above the drain. Insert a small piece of long hose into it. Use the remaining length to bring the other end up towards the hood of the car. There, insert a watering can into it. This way you will make your work much easier.

Let's sum it up

So we figured out what kind of lubricant goes into the gearbox of cars. It is better to carry out refueling work at specialized service stations, where you will receive a guarantee for the service performed.

Changing the oil in the gearbox of a VAZ-21099 car directly affects technical condition vehicle, quality and service life of parts, safety and driving comfort. promotes smooth operation of the mechanism, reduces the friction force of parts against each other and acts as a heat exchanger, preventing the gearbox from failing due to overheating.

The gearbox oil should be changed regularly.

Theoretical information

Before the replacement process, any car owner is interested in the question - how many liters of oil are in the box of a VAZ-21099 car. From the technical factory documentation it follows that the 5-speed gearbox contains 3.3 liters, and the 4-speed gearbox contains exactly 3 liters.

Oil change intervals

Based on factory documentation, the oil needs to be changed every 70–80 thousand kilometers, but at least once every 4–5 years with an average annual mileage of 15–16 thousand km. In reality, the situation is somewhat different - weather conditions, environmental conditions, operating and storage (parking) conditions have a serious impact on replacement intervals. According to experts, every 35 - 40 thousand km, while in the interval after 30 thousand km. It is already possible that primary signs of violations may appear:

heavy and imprecise gear shifting;
extraneous noise;
vibrations.

If the above symptoms have recently begun to appear in your car, we strongly advise you to change the oil as soon as possible - this will reduce wear on gearbox parts and compensate for possible losses from breakdowns.

Which oil to choose

Volnez TM4” (80W-90; GL-4);
Omskoil trans P (80W-85; GL-4/5);
Rexol T (80W-85; GL-4).

Among experienced motorists, the choice fell on what they considered to be more reliable manufacturers:

Mobil;
Castrol;

When making the initial replacement in a VAZ-21099 gearbox and lacking experience in use, it is worth focusing on the opinions of friends, reviews of car enthusiasts on the Internet and advice from authoritative publications, which will ultimately allow you to make the right and informed choice. We advise you to fill the gearbox with oil made by Zic or Castrol.

Level control and required volume

During the operation of the vehicle, it is necessary to constantly use a dipstick in the gearbox. Two control marks (dashes) are applied to the probe, indicating the minimum and maximum level oil in the gearbox. The minimum mark indicates the need for topping up (usually the operation is performed every 4 - 5 thousand km), and the maximum mark indicates that there is no reason for concern.

Control is carried out as follows:

At the gearbox, the dipstick is unscrewed or removed (the hole from it is usually used as a filler neck).
Wipe the metal part with a dry, clean cloth.
Insert the dipstick back and take it out again - you see the actual oil level in the gearbox.

The standard is considered to be the volume of lubricating fluid in the range between minimum and maximum, i.e. approximately in the middle of the marks.

Topping up oil

Oil is added to the “21099” gearbox only after checking the level and taking into account its tendency to a minimum. As a rule, from 0.5 to 0.8 liters are added to a 5-mortar, and up to 0.6 liters to a 4-mortar. It is important to use for topping up oil of the same manufacturer and the same viscosity that is currently used in the gearbox of your car; mixing is unacceptable and can lead to complete failure of the gearbox or its individual parts. using an oil syringe or funnel, then measure the level using a dipstick. Typically, topping up is done in stages, periodically checking the level, since a volume in excess of the maximum will lead to squeezing out of the gearbox through gaskets, seals and drives, which will necessarily lead to their replacement.

What is needed for replacement

For manual replacement, you need to prepare the following set of tools and available materials:

overpass, lift or pit;
socket wrench for 12 and 17;
filler syringe or funnel;
soft wire, flexible hose 25 - 30 cm long, electrical tape;
canister or other empty container with a volume of 4 - 5 liters;
5 liter replacement oil;
dry clean cloth.

Before starting the replacement, warm up the car and take a short trip of 5–6 kilometers.

Step by step instructions

Having prepared the car and all necessary tool To change the gearbox oil with your own hands, we begin by draining the old lubricant and cleaning the associated elements.

Drain the oil

Drive the car onto an overpass or inspection hole, prepare an empty container, keys and wire.

Remove the rubber cap from the breather and clean it with a wire and a cloth.
Using a wrench, unscrew the drain plug on the gearbox and place an empty container to drain the old oil. The complete cleaning process will take 15 – 20 minutes.
Screw the drain plug firmly into place.

The gearbox is completely prepared for replacing the lubricant, which means you can proceed to the next stage.

Filling with new oil

If the gearbox is equipped with a filler neck, then the filling process is quite simple:

Insert a funnel into the filler neck.
Fill in 3 – 3.3 liters of oil depending on the number of gears in the box.
Check the level with a dipstick.

If there is no filler neck, use an oil syringe after placing a flexible hose on it and securing the connection with electrical tape.

Fill the syringe full (we track the final volume by the level on the canister).
Insert the hose into the filler hole and use a syringe to pour in the required amount of lubricant.
Tighten the filler plug tightly.

The process of changing the oil in a gearbox is complicated only at first glance and can take a long time during the first change; later you will be able to perform this operation in a matter of minutes and even with your eyes closed. The main thing is not to forget, or better yet, write down the mileage at which the last replacement was made.

How much oil should there be in the gearbox? How often is the oil changed in a VAZ gearbox?
What kind of oil should be poured into the gearbox? These questions are often asked by car owners, and not only VAZ cars. However, everyone agrees on one thing - there must be oil in the gearbox!

In this article you will find answers to the questions listed above, and there is also a DIY manual for VAZ cars of various models, useful tips, photos with examples of work performed and much more.

Classification of transmission oil, or which oil is better to use?

Transmission oils can be either mineral, semi-synthetic or full synthetic. Which one is better?
Now let's try to figure it out.

Let's start with mineral gear oil. This oil is designated according to the SAE 85W-90 system.
What are the positives? In principle, mineral water itself is not bad and has fairly good lubricating properties.
A significant plus is its price, which is the lowest of all.Disadvantages – low temperatures.
Mineral oil is not recommended for pouring into the engine due to its thickening at low temperatures. The reason for his disapproval for the checkpoint is the same.
You just won't start the car. 85W-90 oil has a pour point of only -12 degrees Celsius.
This is not enough for our climate.
Semi-synthetic and synthetic – 75W-90. Recommended for use in gearboxes of VAZ cars.
This oil can extend the life of gearbox parts. Although the price of such oil is higher than mineral water, and synthetics are even more expensive, the effect of it will be noticeable to the naked eye.
According to reviews from owners who have filled in synthetic or even semi-synthetic oil from normal companies that provide high-quality oil, there is no noise in the gearbox, the gears shift smoothly - in a word, they are satisfied. 75W-90 freezes at -40 degrees, which is quite enough. Conclusion: it is better to use semi- or full synthetics.

By the way, from the factory they began to fill VAZ cars of the Samara and 2110 families with the usual motor oil. What to do in this case?
Should I change it to a transmission one or not, arguing that “the factory knows better”? It’s interesting what VAZ engineers themselves say about this.
According to the head of the AvtoVAZ fuel and lubricants laboratory, in order to increase the service life of gearbox parts such as synchronizers, differentials and, in general, increase service life, it is recommended to replace the oil with transmission oil during the first maintenance. The noise level will immediately decrease and gears will shift much easier.
You can also use API GL-5 oils, but this is not strictly necessary.

Necessary tool for changing gearbox oil

What is required to ensure that the oil change in a VAZ manual transmission is carried out correctly and as quickly as possible:

Pre-selected and purchased oil.

Oil volume:

2 l for “classics”
For Samara - 3 liters for a 4-speed gearbox and 3.3 liters for a 5-speed gearbox
For the 2110 family - about 4 liters
For Niva - 1.6 l at the gearbox, 0.8 l at the transfer case
Container for draining oil.
Syringe for filling oil.

Watering can for pouring oil. You can also put a suitable hose on it for convenience.
The key is 17. It is more convenient to use a socket or socket.
Hexagon 12.
Metal brush.
A cloth for wiping hands, smudges on the gearbox and the oil dipstick.

That's probably all. Now you can move on to changing the oil.

Oil change

Changing the oil in the gearbox on a VAZ 2105 and other cars is best done in a pit or overpass.

Advice! If possible, change the oil indoors - in the garage. In open areas there is a high chance of being up to your ears in oil from strong gusts of wind.

Be sure to warm up the transmission before changing the oil. It is necessary to drive it for at least 10 km to sufficiently warm up the old oil.
Before changing the oil, make sure that there are no oil leaks anywhere in the gearbox. If they do end up there, repairs are needed.
Only then can you start changing the oil with a clear conscience, as they say. Now let's look at the oil change process separately for each family of VAZ cars.

VAZ "Classic"

VAZ cars from 2101 to 2107 are characterized by rear wheel drive. There is no transfer case, so the process of changing the oil on such cars is quite simple (see).
So let's get started:

If the gearbox is very dirty, you can use a metal brush and clean it for convenience.
Now, using a 12mm hexagon, you need to unscrew the gearbox housing drain plug, which is located in the bottom cover.

Carefully unscrew the plug and at the same time place a previously prepared oil container under the hole.
After the gearbox oil has drained, you can screw the drain plug back in, but without fanaticism.
Next, take a 17mm wrench or socket and unscrew the filler plug. It is located a little higher.
To fill the “classic” with oil, we need a special oil syringe. We fill it with oil, insert it into the filler hole and squeeze the oil out there. We continue this way until oil flows out of the hole.

After this, tighten the plug with the same 17mm wrench and wipe the surface of the gearbox near the plugs with a cloth to make it easier to see possible leaks.
If there are leaks, we fix them; if they are absent, the oil change in the VAZ 2105 or other “classic” gearbox is completed successfully.

Advice! After changing the oil, drive the car for a short drive. Drive it back into the pit and make sure there is no oil leaking.

VAZ of the Samara family

With these cars things are a little different. checkpoint for front wheel drive more compact, mounted differently than on the “classic”, and the device, of course, is different.
As noted earlier, it will require more oil than the “classic”.

Pay attention! Before changing the oil, remove the rubber band from the breather, clean both the rubber band and the breather with a wire and install it back.

The essence of the process does not change, but some aspects are still different.
First, let's look at changing the oil in the old-style Samara family gearbox:

The first step is to drain the oil. The drain plug is located on the side of the left axle shaft in the lower part of the gearbox housing.

We unscrew the plug, substitute a container for oil and drain it.
We tighten the gearbox drain plug.
Now you need to unscrew the gearbox filler plug, which is located just above. It can also be unscrewed with a 17 key.
To fill oil into an old-style gearbox, you will need the same special syringe.
Fill the oil to the level (until it flows from the filler hole).
We tighten the plug, wipe the crankcase, control the leak and, if necessary, fix it.

Now let's pay attention to the new type gearbox:

Drain the oil in the same way as with old gearboxes.
But filling the oil is done differently - through the filler hole, which is located on top of the gearbox. It is more convenient to attach to it from under the hood.
You can find this hole by the oil dipstick sticking out of it.

The dipstick is pulled out and wiped.
Next, a watering can is inserted into the filler hole. You can use a watering can with a hose for convenience.
You will find the required amount of oil for filling above.
After filling the oil, check its level with a dipstick.
The oil level should be near the upper mark.

Reinstall the oil dipstick into the filler hole.

Changing the oil in the VAZ 21099 gearbox is completed!

VAZ 2110 family

The process of changing the oil in cars of the “tens” type is, in fact, no different from changing the oil in a new type Samara gearbox. Only the volume of oil will be filled a little more.

Advice! When monitoring oil leakage from the gearbox, pay attention not only to the drain and filler holes, but also to the connections to the axle shafts. It is possible to leak from there too.

VAZ 21213 "Niva"

WITH all-wheel drive vehicles VAZ will have to tinker a little more. In addition to changing the oil in the main gearbox, it is also necessary to change it in the transfer case.
Changing the oil in a VAZ 21213 gearbox is the same as in a classic - we will not repeat ourselves and describe this process again.
But let’s briefly look at the replacement in the distribution box:

Again, take a 12mm hex and unscrew the drain plug transfer gearbox.

Drain the oil into the prepared container and screw the plug back in, having first cleared the plug magnet of any debris.

The filler plug on the transfer case is also unscrewed using a hexagon.
The oil is filled with a syringe. The oil level is determined, as usual, by the filler neck. You can pour the oil until it flows, or you can gradually control the level with your finger as it fills.
There is a breather on the rear driveshaft side of the transfer gearbox that needs to be cleaned.

This completes the oil change in the VAZ manual transmission.

Conclusion

Well, a few final words. Monitor the oil levels in your car's gearbox on time - at least every 20,000 miles.
Also change the oil according to the prescribed mileage - every 70,000 km. Use only high-quality oil, beware of fakes.
Apply the tips from this article, watch the video, attached photos and feel free to start changing the oil yourself!

The functioning of automobile units directly depends on the characteristics and volume of motor oil. Different brands of machines require different amounts of lubrication. How much oil needs to be poured into gearboxes, what are the replacement intervals - all this depends on the design of the car.

Any car must be filled with lubricant that is suitable for it, taking into account the date of manufacture of the car. It is necessary to rely on what is stated in the operating manual.

Transmission Lubricant Change Intervals

If you have car, the gearbox oil needs to be changed every sixty to seventy thousand kilometers. Practice has shown that it is advisable to replace them a little more often. When operating a car, its gears work intensively and wear out quickly if the oil product is not replaced for a long time. A sign of increased wear is considered to be metal shavings that collect on magnetic elements.

You will have to pour fresh oil into an automatic or manual transmission if:

the shade of the lubricant has become blackish or brownish;
the oil smells like burning;
the amount of oil has decreased significantly;
There are metal particles in the petroleum product.

Oil color should not be black

If the oil volume in the automatic transmission is low, you can top it up, but it is better to completely change the lubricant. How difficult is the replacement procedure? It is quite simple, especially if you are not doing it for the first time and have a lot of driving experience. However, there are specialized service centers for inexperienced motorists. For a reasonable fee, service center employees will change the lubricant and perform other procedures related to vehicle maintenance and car repairs.

Selecting a gear lubricant

The gearbox oil can be:

mineral water;
semi-synthetic;
synthetics.

Mineral water is used in cars that were produced quite a long time ago. Due to its low viscosity and fluidity, it is excellent for automatic/manual transmissions with high output and clearances in the housing.

Semi-synthetics easily pass through all parts of the unit. It usually contains special additives. They increase resistance to corrosion, protect against boiling over and serious overheating.

Synthetics are poured into many modern cars that need high-quality lubricating fluid. Its characteristics provide reliable protection of all gearbox spare parts. However, you will have to pay more for synthetics than for mineral water/semi-synthetics.

How much gearbox oil will need to be changed? For the most part passenger cars Three and a half liters of oil will be enough. It is possible to pour 80w85 into cars with front-wheel drive. This lubricant belongs to the GL-4 category.

Changing transmission lube

It is easier to drain spent petroleum products if they are heated. To warm up the lubricant, drive a couple of kilometers and return to the garage. Place the car on a ditch or lift. Turn off the engine internal combustion, commit vehicle using a special device.

Use a jack to ensure all the grease comes out of the car. Raise the car on one side, wait until the consumables drain. After this, lift the car from the other side. Replacement of petroleum products is carried out according to the following algorithm:

How to determine exactly how many liters of oil are in a box? Drive it for a short drive or let the engine idle for a quarter of an hour. Turn off the engine, after five minutes check how much oil is in the transmission. If necessary, top up. Excess oil can be drained through a special hole.

Check the oil level on a warm box

There is another way to change consumables. The procedure lasts longer than the shift according to the above algorithm. In addition, it requires special equipment.

Disconnect the pipe connecting the transmission and radiator.
Install the pipes of the device for changing the oil.
Start the engine and device.
Drain the grease completely.
Pour fresh oil into the oil filler neck by unscrewing the cap.

How much oil should I pour? The answer to this question can be found in the operating manual. The car manufacturer must indicate the recommended volume of consumables to be filled. It is necessary to follow its recommendations in order to prevent the occurrence of various malfunctions related to the operation of the machine.

Within the framework of regulatory maintenance any car, including the classic VAZ 2107 model, among other things, is produced complete replacement lubrication in the gearbox (gearbox) and rear axle gear housing. According to the manufacturer's recommendations, this procedure is performed every time after a run of 35,000 kilometers or after three years of continuous operation of the VAZ 2107.

A necessary condition under which the replacement of lubricant in the box and rear axle housing will be carried out successfully and without any problems is the presence of an inspection hole or a special overpass. Otherwise, changing the oil will be very problematic.

Of the tools, changing the lubricant will require:

Socket wrench or socket 17;
Container for collecting used lubricant;
Metal brush;
Device for filling oil (syringe, blower, etc.).

In addition, it is necessary to purchase new oil in the required volume for filling. To determine how much lubricant to buy, let’s make simple calculations: you need to fill the VAZ 2107 box with approximately 1.6 liters plus 1.3 liters into the rear axle gearbox. In total, the minimum required volume of gear oil is 3 liters.

To prevent wastage of time and material resources, before starting work, it is strongly recommended to carefully inspect the gearbox for leaks. If a leak is detected, you must first eliminate its cause, and only then change the oil.

First of all, you need to clean the drain and filler plugs from dirt using a wire brush. To begin with, a replacement in the gearbox. Place a container for used oil and unscrew the filler and drain plugs one by one. After all the oil has flowed out of the gearbox, screw the drain plug into place. We check the drained oil for the presence of metal impurities and excessive contamination.

If the used oil is too dirty, it is strongly recommended to flush the gearbox. For this there are special flushing fluids, but you can cook it yourself. There is nothing complicated about this: you need to mix oil (no matter what, motor or transmission) and diesel fuel or kerosene in a 1:1 ratio. 1 liter of mixture is enough for washing. Using a syringe or other device, you need to pour the mixture into the box and tighten the filler plug. After this, turn on neutral speed, start the engine and let it run for 5-10 minutes and drain the flushing mixture from the box.

In the event that you are washing not only the gearbox, but also the rear axle gearbox of a VAZ 2107, you will need to jack up the rear wheel, secure the car using wheel chocks and let the engine run with the gear engaged. At the same time, both the gearbox and the rear axle will be washed.

After the oil or flush has been drained from the gearbox and the drain plug has been screwed into place, use a syringe or other device to fill in a new one. According to the factory's recommendations, oil is poured until it begins to flow out through the filler hole. After this, screw the filler plug into place, and the replacement can be considered complete.

In old VAZ 2107 cars, it happens that it is not possible to unscrew the filler plug for one reason or another. Then, after draining the lubricant, you need to disassemble the protective seals around the gear shift lever and fill in oil from the passenger compartment. Since it is impossible to control the volume through the filler hole, we rely on the manufacturer’s recommendations: for a four-speed gearbox – 1.4 liters, for a five-speed gearbox – 1.6.

Changing the lubricant rear axle VAZ 2107 are performed in the same way, using the same tools and devices.