Homemade snowmobile on caterpillar tracks with your own hands. Homemade all-terrain vehicles from a walk-behind tractor with your own hands Homemade tracked all-terrain vehicles drawings

One of the problems of our homeland is very bad roads. And therefore, some enthusiasts are trying to solve this problem on their own.

Just a huge amount highways The roads connecting various villages are so poor in their condition that it is sometimes problematic to drive through them in an ordinary car.

And when the autumn-winter period comes, moving around them is almost impossible. You can, of course, get out of this situation and order an all-terrain vehicle from abroad, but this is very expensive and therefore you have to make do with what is available.

Homemade tracked all-terrain vehicle

This all-terrain vehicle has high cross-country ability; off-road conditions and any water obstacles are not an obstacle for it. The body is made in the form of a box-shaped structure. The propulsion system is caterpillars.

Towing capacity - pulls a trailer weighing about 900 kg.

The hood is shaped to move through algae, driftwood and moss. Exhaust gases are vented upward. A homemade all-terrain vehicle with caterpillar tracks is equipped with a winch located at the front. The body bottom is sufficiently sealed, plus there are pneumatic rollers on the sides, which have a positive effect on the buoyancy of the all-terrain vehicle.

Controlling an all-terrain vehicle on caterpillar tracks

The control of the all-terrain vehicle is the same as on a tractor; it is carried out using levers. The differentials located on the sides were implemented from VAZ disc brakes.

In the cabin, in the middle of the floor, there is a pneumatic lever - a track tensioner. The ideal option would be to use a mechanical tensioner, since it is more unpretentious to repair, but the author of this all-terrain vehicle decided otherwise and installed a pneumatic tensioner.

Chassis

The designer created an excellent chassis. You should pay attention to the tracks: they are cast, made independently. The tracks have lugs on the outside made of metal pipes welded to a metal sheet. This played a positive role in terms of maneuverability and traction.

This technology is not used in foreign all-terrain vehicles due to the complexity of implementation and increased financial costs. The rollers are made from wheels from a motorized stroller, and the rollers are protected by a rubber reflector. Also above the caterpillar propulsion system there is a “precipitator” made in the form of a rubberized half-pipe.

Crawler all-terrain vehicle engine

As power unit a VAZ engine with a gearbox was used. The rear axle gearbox is connected using a coupling made of rubber. The gearbox is connected to the side differentials by shafts.

As mentioned above, the differentials are made from VAZ disc brakes with conventional calipers.

The life of the gearbox is not reduced at all due to the low speed of the all-terrain vehicle. The main advantage of this all-terrain vehicle model is its low weight. When the all-terrain vehicle moves through a swampy area or across a lake, the body dives 30-40 cm.

Video of a homemade tracked all-terrain vehicle in action.

Tools

When implementing this homemade all-terrain vehicle project, the following tools were used: a welding machine, an angle grinder, and various keys. Clamps, a machine for giving one form or another to sheet metal, this is especially true in the manufacture of the cabin and bottom of an all-terrain vehicle. Various bolted connections. Glass cutter for making windshield and side windows. Drill for drilling holes.

Invention and creation of various vehicles 67-year-old resident of the city of Topki Ivan Sardaev took up almost 20 years ago.
In 1993, he and his wife, daughter and son returned from Vorkuta to the city of his childhood and built a house in four months. It turned out to be large, spacious, with an area of 150 square meters.

Well, about four years after we moved and settled down, I got tired of removing snow in the winter after a blizzard: you work with a shovel, and your hands get tired. Whether you like it or not, you inevitably begin to think with your head,” the pensioner laughs.

Snow removal equipment by Ivan Sardaev.

In the beginning there were scooters

Ivan Vasilyevich admits: he has been fascinated by technology since childhood. While still a child, he assembled scooters, either on bearings or with wheels from a baby stroller. But it was back in 1997 that a tricycle snowplow became his first full-fledged invention. It was unusual - it had two wheels in front, and one - steerable - behind. As the inventor now recalls, the machine was weak - it could only rake snow on the paths. He decided to improve it and assembled a slightly more complex model, then another. And then he became so involved in the process that he began to create snow blowers with buckets and rotary auger machines. And not only them.

Topkinets' very first snow blower was three-wheeled.

In 2007, in the magazine “Modelist-Constructor” Ivan Sardaev even published an article about three of his models, and two years later - about security system. He invented it and installed it in his house; if necessary, it transmits a signal to his mobile phone.

Several bucket snow blowers, a couple of rotary augers and a couple of pneumatic snowmobiles - this is an incomplete list of mobile equipment that Ivan Vasilyevich collected until 2013. And all this in his spare time - despite his age, he still fixes people's TVs. And four years ago, his son gave him a computer, and when the pensioner mastered the Internet, new ideas appeared. One of the latest ideas was to make a crawler-mounted all-terrain vehicle with my own hands.

And the roof is from Moskvich

He began implementing the plan in 2015, and it took Ivan Sardaev a year and a half to create the unusual car. Most of the parts in the S-10 all-terrain vehicle, the name the inventor gave to his brainchild, come from Zhiguli cars of various models. The rear axle, engine and gearbox are from the “classics”, the rollers in the tracks are wheels from the eleventh VAZ model. Many parts were collected from neighbors, who, by the way, admire the master’s golden hands, or were picked up at auto dismantling yards and metal collection points. The roof of the all-terrain vehicle is from Moskvich, but the tracks had to be thought out and assembled by myself down to the last detail. For them, the inventor was even forced to buy a conveyor belt in the store.
A pneumatic snowmobile is another machine, collected by hand TV masters from Topki.

In total, Ivan Vasilyevich spent more than 30 thousand rubles on certain purchases for his brainchild.

Most of all I had to tinker with the tracks,” the pensioner admits. - It was a very painstaking work that required special care. After all, if you bend it wrong, you’ll miss it a little and that’s it, either the teeth will catch or the tape will move, and in both cases the car won’t move.

This is what the all-terrain vehicle looked like in the summer of 2016.

The Topkin resident is currently testing his all-terrain vehicle. On a flat road it can move at a speed of 35 - 40 kilometers per hour, and on virgin snow the speed is reduced by about half. By the way, instead of a steering wheel, it has two control levers, like a tractor, and for the driver and passenger - a two-seater all-terrain vehicle - it is always warm, the interior is heated by two stoves.

For now, Ivan Sardaev does not drive his invention further than the yard and street where his house is located. But in the future, after the car passes tests at other times of the year, he hopes to register it, as it should be. But the creator does not want to sell it, even for 350 thousand rubles, at which such equipment was valued on one of the sites. You need such an all-terrain vehicle yourself.
Crawler all-terrain vehicle S-10 of a Kuzbass pensioner. Ivan Sardaev worked on the all-terrain vehicle for a year and a half. The engine is VAZ-2103, the cabin is the top of the Moskvich-2140 cabin.

"Parma" cuts through the swamps and off-road terrain of our vast country.

All data is taken from the forum of the Lunokhodov.Net website, where he shares his experiences and skills under the nickname mishanya68.

The tasks initially assigned to the all-terrain vehicle builder.

IN technical requirements and wishes the following points:
1. confident movement on snow of average depth and density for the Urals.
2. capacity 2 people, plus 50-80 kg of cargo.
3. at a minimum, must confidently float on the water (the main use is fishing and buoyancy for safety).
4. The main application is snow and ice 90%, the rest is autumn and spring - snow and mud.
5. Maximum use of ready-made serial parts and assemblies.

In connection with this project, I once again re-read the topics on “Tazik”, “Luntik”, “Barsik” and “Yukon” - these are ready-made all-terrain vehicles described on the website “Lunokhodov.Net”. Many thanks to the authors of the projects for sharing their experience, developments and drawings that they used.

Based on the experience of previous builders, I outlined an approximate design
1. turn on a differential with a rear axle, but we’ll install a cylindrical one.
2. 2-cylinder engine, made in China with a cylinder capacity of 690 cubic mm.
3. transmission: belt variator - VAZ 5-speed gearbox - rear axle from VAZ.
4. dimensions 2500x1750 mm.

The rear axle is taken from a classic Zhiguli. Instead of wheels, there are sprockets (drive wheels for the caterpillar)

The beam was used. After disassembling, after checking for straightness, I cut off the excess and immediately cleaned it, cleaning it with flap wheels with 40 grit. It turned out quite quickly, 1.5-2 hours for everything, and cleaning took about 30 minutes. But this time is then saved on welding and painting.

Engine made in China.

Drawings have been developed for the production of guides that are attached to the inside of the track belt and prevent the tracks from coming off during movement and turns.

The axle shaft is factory.

The axle shaft is purchased, find the differences! Therefore, it was decided to leave the factory axle shafts, but replace the bearings.

I bought belts for the production of tracks in a rubber products store at a repair plant in Perm.

Can you be more specific: what is “increased strength”??? In numbers. 4 spacers is good, 12 mm is not too much?

The strength of the tape is created by the gaskets - the rest is rubber, which itself does not bear the load, BUT protects the gaskets from damage. For example, I took one so that on one side (outer) there was 3-4 mm, and on the other (inner) - 1 mm. WITH inside practically no damage is expected, and excess thickness means excess weight and not a small one! As for the gaskets - they are ALWAYS the same thickness - 1mm, the rest depends on their quantity!

By meter: I took 4 pieces. with a length of 6.5 m, width - 150mm, thickness - 8mm, ply - 7. It came out to 10 thousand rubles.

I began to weld the frame of the future all-terrain vehicle. Some call it a frame, some a boat, some a skeleton, but the author calls this structure a keel, since the all-terrain vehicle is more intended for swimming.

The rounded front of the keel should improve the buoyancy quality of the homemade car.

It was decided to make an all-terrain vehicle without a balancer, since it is intended for trips to winter time, the roads are smoother, the weight of the structure is reduced, and it is technically easier to implement.

The frame is assembled with support rollers on both sides, the wheels used are the most common and common R 13 from VAZ, the bottom of the star is raised from the floor level by 350 mm, the wheel has a diameter of 570 mm.

Preparing tracks for making caterpillars.

Plates for fastening.

Drilling template.

Ready-made holes on conveyor belts for making caterpillars.

Drilling holes according to the template.

Assembly.

A device for drilling holes in rubber using the punch method, but here you do not need to hit the punch, it is clamped into the drill chuck and the rubber is cut, very good holes are obtained and less effort is needed.

You can watch the video how this is done.

Photo of a device clamped into a drill chuck.

Photo of a device for bending pressure plates and bent plates.

One caterpillar is ready.

Safety precautions. To avoid the pain of hitting the ends of the pipe and getting scratched, it is better to protect yourself, at least with gloves.

The caterpillar fits around the sprocket, all tracks are in contact with the teeth.

Front view.

The tension mechanism is made so that both sloths are tensioned at the same time, there are pros and cons of this method. Plus the largest - the same tension of the tracks, provided that the tracks are the same during manufacturing and are equally stretched, ease of execution and more reliable fastening of the sloth axle. If these conditions are met, straight driving is ensured.

Disadvantages: poor sealing of the boat, since the sloth shaft runs inside the boat; if one caterpillar falls off, both sides relax in order to put it on. Also to be removed for repairs if necessary.

Plates for fastening tension mechanisms.

The jibs and amplifiers are welded.

Bridge fastening.

Installing disc brakes on a VAZ axle, due to the braking of the drive wheels, the all-terrain vehicle will turn while driving.

The guides are on the inside of the caterpillar, on the upper fold along the edges of the fang it is pressed 9 mm, this is with a plate width of 40 mm, steel thickness is 2.5 mm. this is the limit for a press with a force of 10 tons.

Guides, with a plate welded inside for fastening to the tracks.

A device for making guide plates using a press.

This will guide the tension wheel.

The guide plate touches the brake hose from the disc brakes on the sprocket, so you need to change the brake hoses and use Niva ones.

The gaps between the guides for the passage of the caterpillar along the track sprocket are acceptable.

All plates are chopped and bent.

The caterpillar is the most labor-intensive and labor-intensive part of the all-terrain vehicle.

The track and sprocket must interact with each other without binding at the entrance or exit of the sprocket. The check has been completed.

Watch the video.

Engine installation.

Installation of the clutch and gearbox.

Installing the cardan.

Variator on the engine pulley. The transmission has only positive results so far; Kayurov’s variator works very well with the Chinese engine. At first there were problems with the belt releasing at idle, but after adjusting the carb, everything returned to normal. It releases completely at approximately 1000-1100 engine rpm, gripping at approximately 1500-1700 rpm. Fully compressed at about 2500-2800 rpm.

I couldn't understand why by ear maximum speed less than 3000 rpm, then I saw the throttle limiting bolt was fully tightened, the Chinese apparently tightened it for a quiet run-in, and also completed the control levers.

The first departure took place. First impressions are excellent.

Everything I said about differential rotation is not entirely true. There are points about which a little later. The all-terrain vehicle is still quite light and nimble.

It rolls around the garage with its hands into one person, turns around into two people. In the video, the surface is compacted snow, gear is first and a third of the gas, I press the levers with one finger, there is almost no noise from the stars.

I finished work with the controls (gear shifter and throttle drive), and also made the cardan protection frame. Made a short trip. Now everything works fine. Tomorrow I'll take everything apart for welding the boat and painting it.

I disassembled the all-terrain vehicle for welding and painting.

He turned over on his back.

I scalded the bottom, the sides remained and can be painted.

The braces are installed.

The pulley shaft is inside the casing.

I scalded the sides and painted them.

Painted everything inside.

The gearbox is outside with a plug for filling oil and the differential.

Homemade all-terrain vehicles on tracks: schemes for their construction and the main layout - from Oka, Zhiguli, Volga, motorcycle and improvised means. Correct drawings and features of construction with your own hands, so that the car turns out to be maneuverable and passable, and production takes a minimum of time. In order to assemble a full-fledged floating tracked all-terrain vehicle in your garage, you don’t need too many parts - parts old car, angles and pipes for the frame, a welding machine, plumbing tools and enthusiasm.

If you want to assemble an all-terrain vehicle based on a UAZ, Volga, Gazelle, VAZ, Moskvich and other cars, then it is not recommended to use the body from them, and even from the Oka it is a bit heavy. The body is convenient in terms of comfort, but the vehicle’s maneuverability deteriorates, fuel consumption increases, and it will be very difficult to make it float. Therefore, it is advisable to weld the body yourself from light sheet metal, and make a safety cage around it, so that if you crash into a tree or roll over you don’t break your neck.

How to make a rotating mechanism and calculate cross-country ability?

In fact, all homemade all-terrain vehicles on tracks have a simple device. At the back there is a rear axle with a differential from a rear-wheel drive car - usually from a Zhiguli. The drive rollers are driven through this rear axle from the engine through the gearbox. Turns are carried out using separate braking. That is, you need to draw two separate contours on the right and left.

Diagram of a steering-brake mechanism in a tracked all-terrain vehicle with a wheel

How to make control - here everyone decides for himself. Possible from two brake cylinders and handles to build something like controls like on a tractor or tank. You can invent pedals, and transfer the clutch and gas to your hands. The vacuum for the brake booster is taken from the engine, or a compressor is hung on a separate pulley.

The most simple circuit building a tracked all-terrain vehicle means taking a Zhiguli, lifting it onto a frame, attaching additional rollers and tracks to it, and doing separate braking. And that's it, he will run.

Calculations of specific pressure on snow are quite simple. For a skier it is 200 grams per cm2. Very good swamp walkers have about 60 grams. That is, you need to take the total mass of the all-terrain vehicle and the area of the caterpillar, and dance from there. .

The layout of a floating all-terrain vehicle should imply the presence of an air tank on the frame, or sealed sides. But here you still need to think about stability; for this, the engine and heavy units are placed in the center of the all-terrain vehicle.

Drawings and diagrams

There is no point in building such a machine according to drawings. Simply because everyone has different needs, everyone has their own details and set of source material. Some people have old Zhiguli cars gathering dust in their garage, while others will sculpt an all-terrain vehicle from an old Ural motorcycle. It’s a homemade product because it’s designed from scratch and built from improvised means.

But there are several important details that are worth considering. Firstly, the frame and frame must be strong.

Hardness car body there are even a lot of them in the forest, its mass is excessive, but collisions with trees and overturns have not been canceled.

Secondly, many homemade all-terrain vehicles on tracks suffer from a high center of gravity. Those Zhiguli cars on tracks are downright dangerous, since any slope or ditch can cause them to tip over.

Thirdly, if you plan to go winter fishing on a homemade all-terrain vehicle, then emergency escape routes must be provided. And this once again means that a body from an Oka or a passenger car can be dangerous for such purposes. You've fallen into the wormwood and you can't get out. In the same GTTs, the doors open slightly upward, there is an escape hatch on top - all this was not done in vain.

Safety comes first. In addition, it is worth remembering about the fire hazard, do not remove the muffler, be sure to carry a fire extinguisher with you, and so on.

How to make a homemade all-terrain vehicle on tracks extremely cheaply, safely and with high quality? You just need to have a tool and a place to build it, and the cost of parts and metal, given the availability of used Zhiguli or OK cars, can’t even be taken into account.

Many people involved in the manufacture of homemade equipment also develop crawler-mounted all-terrain vehicles and homemade tracks for walk-behind tractors. When bringing this idea to life, people use a variety of solutions. But making caterpillars remains big problem for lovers of this type of transport.

After all, if an all-terrain vehicle or snowmobile is made with your own hands, then the tracks must be homemade.

How to make homemade tracks on a walk-behind tractor

Here we will look at several ways to make tracks with your own hands, with good performance characteristics.

The simplest version of homemade caterpillars

For light all-terrain vehicles and snowmobiles, tracks can be made from a conveyor belt and a bushing-roller chain. To make such tracks, you don’t have to own a special tool; everything can be done “on your knees.”

To extend the service life of the tape, it is necessary to stitch it along the edges with fishing line, observing a step of 1 centimeter, which will protect the tape from fraying. To connect the ribbon into a ring, you can sew the ribbon at the ends, or use a hinge.

When choosing the thickness of the tape, you should proceed from the engine power. If you use engines from domestic motorcycles, it is enough to take a tape 8-10 mm thick, used on conveyors in agriculture.

This DIY snowmobile track has good resource, and can be easily repaired if necessary.

Homemade caterpillar for motorized towing vehicle

It is very common among DIYers to make caterpillars using car tires. For this purpose, tires with a suitable tread pattern are selected from trucks.

To make such a caterpillar, you need to cut out the sides from the tire and leave the treadmill. This is quite a labor-intensive job that requires a lot of patience, because the tool used is a sharpened shoe knife.

To make the work easier, from time to time the knife blade can be moistened in a soap solution to cut the rubber faster. One option is to use homemade device for cutting, or use a jigsaw with a fine-tooth file.

After cutting off the sides, if the track is too hard, you can remove the extra layers of rubber inside the resulting ring. If the tread pattern is not suitable for the conditions of use, then cut new structure lugs.

Undoubted advantage homemade caterpillar from a tire in front of a caterpillar from a transport belt, in an initially closed loop, and therefore reliability. The disadvantage of this caterpillar is the limited width of the workpiece, which can be corrected by using a double-width option.

Belt tracks

This version of making a caterpillar is attractive for its relative simplicity.
To do this, you need to connect belts with wedge-shaped profiles into one whole with screws or rivets, using lugs attached to the belts.

To make holes for the drive sprocket in such a track, you need to make gaps between the belts.
You can find many ways to make caterpillars with your own hands - the main thing is to have patience, desire and perseverance - then everything will work out.