Rules for using all-wheel drive on a Renault Duster. Renault Duster, how does all-wheel drive work? How does four-wheel drive work?
When it comes to a crossover (a fashionable topic!), they certainly say that it must be not only universal and with high ground clearance (compared to conventional cars), but also all-wheel drive. Even if the car is the most urban, its owner never leaves the asphalt. Single-wheel drive versions are usually supplied only in the most inexpensive trim levels, and they are rarely kept in press parks. Maybe in vain? After all, if we discard the indisputable “pros” of four driving wheels - cross-country ability (mainly on loose snow) and acceleration abilities (in the same conditions), what else can be considered as advantages? Moreover, perhaps on asphalt the difference in weight and friction losses will allow you to drive more economically? Or maybe safer?
FUN MATH
We took the Mazda CX-5 and Renault Duster, the hottest new products in the class. The all-wheel drive Duster even has a different rear suspension than its single-wheel drive brother - independent. Gearboxes for cars with a 2-liter engine are also tied to the number of drive wheels: automatic (and only it) is available in the 4×2 version, while 4×4 comes exclusively with a six-speed manual. In the Mazda CX-5, on the contrary, the type of drive has almost no effect on everything else. Even on the level of equipment - thanks to option packages for the Touring and Sport trim levels. The biggest differences are in the tires and wheels. The 4×4 car is shod with 19-inch tires, the 4×2 modification is content with 17-inch tires.
Let's start measuring. Having driven the cars onto the scales, we find: four-wheel drive adds 70 kg to Duster, and more than a hundred to Mazda. Although, against the backdrop of a total curb weight of 1400–1500 kg, this is a trifle. There is not much difference in geometric cross-country ability; the front-wheel drive Duster has even a little better cross-country ability.
Of the two Renaults, the all-wheel drive accelerates faster, but this is mainly due to manual box. The situation with Mazdas is more interesting. The mono-drive is more assertive during acceleration, which can be felt even without measuring equipment. Front-wheel drive has only a slight loss in maximum speed, but this is due to the selection gear ratios And big wheels 4x4 versions. Both cars reached top speed in fourth gear, but the 4x2 on 17-inch tires hit the rev limiter early, unwilling to accelerate into the next gear, fifth.
By the way, the braking distance of both purely front-wheel drive cars turned out to be noticeably shorter.
FEELING THE DIFFERENCE
Well, how can we not remember the stereotypes regarding handling! During the rearrangement (simulation of avoiding an obstacle), it turns out that the Duster 2WD is faster and, most importantly, easier to drive. He, unlike 4x4, does not at all strive to perform the maneuver sharply. On the contrary: at first the monodrive surprises with large rolls and too calm reactions to turning the steering wheel. The all-wheel drive with its more active - independent rear suspension behaves more assertively, and at times even restlessly, as if spurring the driver to respond. This car drives very confidently, especially considering the lack of a stabilization system. However, it is easy to make a mistake on it, and in the extreme, skidding of the rear axle will force you to slip out of the corridor. “Renault” with front-wheel drive requires you to twist the steering wheel from the heart in the fight against lag and understeer, but, unlike its brother, it slides more softly.
Both Mazdas have a sensitive stabilization system that intervenes in the control process quite early. But front wheel drive again it turns out to be clearer. So here, too, the advantage in the speed of rearrangement is with front-wheel drive and 17-inch wheels.
Public roads helped to finally set priorities. They showed better comfort of the single-wheel drive Mazda and its more correct behavior in corners. All-wheel drive on 19-inch tires does not like unevenness at all: vertical rocking and even slight yaw appear. This is not critical, but how much more comfortable and simpler is a front-wheel drive car. Moreover, such a crossover listens to the gas pedal much better. No thoughtfulness, no languid pauses even when the automatic transmission moves to higher gears. The 4x4 version often suffers from failures, especially when sharp pressing to the accelerator.
What about “dusters”? Here, a car with front-wheel drive also turned out to be more comfortable. And even more noticeable than in the case of Mazdas. Both Renaults cope well with uneven road surfaces; this family dignity cannot be taken away from them. But if an all-wheel drive Renault still makes you feel the depth and size of potholes, sometimes quite sharply, then under the wheels of a front-wheel drive car most of them seem to dissolve, causing only slight swaying of the body. The most interesting thing is that the wheels on the Dusters are the same; the differences are rooted in the suspensions.
FACTS AND ARGUMENTS
So, is all-wheel drive on asphalt an unnecessary add-on? There is no need to draw clear conclusions. We're talking about something else: what should you prioritize when choosing a car? Crossovers are legitimately popular in Russia: universal body, large ground clearance and the suspension capabilities are better. In a word, their demand is not only a tribute to fashion. That’s why it’s so important to separate the “necessary” from the “not so necessary.” Our test is an attempt to figure this out. It is especially worth thinking about for those who, changing a regular car for an SUV, still do not plan to change the asphalt.
We should also not forget about increased consumption fuel for all-wheel drive versions, all other things being equal. In addition, in addition to all-wheel drive, expensive equipment is often imposed: just remember the 19-inch tires of the Mazda CX-5. I suspect that this crossover was finished on tires of a much more modest size. “But it’s beautiful!” - marketers will object. And in their own way they will be right.
The front-wheel drive Duster demonstrates excellent ground clearance, excellent ride quality, reliable behavior on the road, and its trunk is as much as 70 liters larger than its all-wheel drive counterpart. Therefore, in search of the optimum, it is not at all necessary to focus on the number of driving axes; sometimes there are more important arguments.
HOW THE CLUTCH WORKS (Gennady Emelkin)
Structurally, the operation schemes of the connected all-wheel drive "Renault-Duster" and "Mazda CX-5" are close. Both cars have an electronic clutch located in the rear axle gear housing. It, guided by information about the difference in rotation speeds of the front (main driving) and rear wheels, coming through the anti-lock braking system sensors to the control unit, is blocked if necessary, connecting the second axle. The clutch control algorithm is quite complex and depends on a number of external factors.
The diagram opens in full size with a mouse click.
The operation scheme of the Mazda CX-5 all-wheel drive is as follows. With uniform movement, when the wheel speeds are the same, torque is supplied to the clutch body (4) . Discs (5) control clutch is open. Slave (1) and presenter (7) the discs are stationary relative to each other and rotate together with the driven shaft of the coupling (9) connected to the shaft final drive rear wheels. No torque is transmitted to the rear wheels.
As soon as the wheels of the front axle begin to slip (angular difference of 15–20 degrees), the all-wheel drive control unit sends a signal to the electromagnetic coil (2) . Under the influence of a magnetic field, the armature (8) is attracted to it and compresses the control clutch discs (5) , which connect the drive disk to the clutch body (6) . Due to the difference in their speeds, the drive disk rotates, the balls (3) move along an inclined guide groove and shift the driven disk, which compresses the disks of the main clutch - the clutch is engaged.
To disengage the clutch, the control unit removes the signal from the coil, the control clutch disks open, the drive disk rotates, the balls return to starting position- the main clutch discs open. This will happen not only during steady uniform motion, but also when the anti-lock braking system and dynamic stabilization system are activated.
To protect the coupling from damage in difficult conditions, protection is provided. When the oil in the gearbox heats up to 100 degrees, the control unit turns off the clutch and will not turn it on until the temperature drops to 60 degrees.
As for the transmission of the new Renault Duster, it is unlikely that significant changes will be made to the mechanical transmission options. But something needs to be done with the ancient 4-band automatic transmission. Most likely it will finally be discontinued and new version the crossover will have a continuously variable CVT variator. Moreover, Renault engineers have experience using such a box with a base engine. Enough to remember Renault Captur built on the same platform as the Duster.
True, judging by the official information from the manufacturer, the main focus is on robotic EDC automatic machines (these are 6-speed robots with two clutches). The truth is whether European robotic transmissions will reach our market remains unknown.
The all-wheel drive system on the second generation will not receive fundamental changes. A transversely mounted motor, a gearbox with an additional gearbox for transmitting torque to the rear gearbox and, of course, an electromagnetic clutch, which allows you to turn a front-wheel drive car into a 4x4 all-wheel drive with one press of a button/turn of a washer.
Renault Duster all-wheel drive operation diagram
The so-called bevel gearbox (or front gearbox) has compact dimensions and is easily installed on a manual or automatic transmission. Its task is to transmit torque to the rear axle. It all looks something like this. Let's look at the picture below.
In fact, it is the front and rear gearbox s and are the main elements of the Duster all-wheel drive transmission.
The most important element of the entire transmission of this type is the electromagnetic clutch. In principle, the cardan transmission coming from the front of the crossover always rotates backwards, but the torque is not always transmitted to the rear gearbox.
It's all about the Duster clutch, which serves as a connecting unit and transmits torque as required by the electronics. The clutch consists of an electromagnet, a cam mechanism and an electronic control unit. An increase in voltage causes electromagnets to operate, which attract the clutches simply by clamping them. This traction force is quite enough to transmit torque to the rear gearbox, and from there to the rear wheels. If the control unit supplies insufficient voltage to the electromagnet, the Renault Duster clutch will provide a partial circuit.
IN automatic mode When the front wheels turn without much load (for example on ice), part of the torque is transmitted to the rear wheels, ensuring stability when driving. This design also has one drawback: overheating of the electromagnetic coupling, which can occur due to great strength friction friction. That is why it is not allowed to drive at high speed in the “Lock” all-wheel drive mode. In most cases, the electronics automatically disables the clutch based on ABS sensors and other parameters.
Most likely, for greater reliability of all-wheel drive, on the new generation Renault Duster, engineers will provide better cooling of the unit and install a temperature sensor that turns off the clutch if it overheats. After all, there is still no such sensor budget crossover simply not, which increases the risk of overheating/destruction of the clutches.
By the way, the transmission mode switch itself for the new Duster 2018 model year has moved from the center console to the gearbox tunnel between the seats. Look carefully at the photo just above. Now it is a large and nice washer located behind the gear lever.
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Test drive: Dacia Duster, 2.0AT, 4WD, ESP 2014my 4000km
Test drive Duster!
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The car is a 2014 model year, F4R 2.0l 16v engine, DP8 gearbox (aka DP2, DP0, AL4), all-wheel drive, ESP.
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01/11/15 Cross-country ability test Renault Duster without ESP all-wheel drive winter snow Kostroma Auto
After the snowfall, we found a small area with a decent layer of snow. We rode around for a few minutes, then decided to take a video. While I was driving, the Duster stalled a couple of times because I forgot to apply the gas in difficult places; several times, after stopping, I had to back up. But overall, there wasn't a single place where the Duster got stuck. Although the layer was decent. On the car I turned on all-wheel drive and turned off ESP, but I tried it with an automatic drive and with ESP turned on - in principle, the Duster also ran without any problems.
The clutch did not overheat and did not turn off, but the characteristic smell of “rifting” appeared for some time.
Due to limited time, it was not possible to find a more snowy place in Kostroma.
Renault Duster - 2.0 liter, all-wheel drive and automatic! Review of the long-awaited package.
The most long-awaited configuration of the Renault Duster crossover is 2.0 liter, all-wheel drive with automatic transmission. Or - the last, missing modification. The French manufacturer delayed the release of an all-wheel drive automatic for a long time in order to maximally adapt the automatic transmission to heavy loads.
The film crew of the Petrovsky Auto Center conducted a test drive of the new product. Moreover, we tested the model on professional tracks, where there was everything - a steep climb, bevels, and ledges. And the Renault Duster withstood all this!
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All-wheel drive Renault Duster!
Video about all-wheel drive Renault Duster. More details at - http://pro-duster.ru/novosti/polnyj-privod-reno-daster.html
New 2018 Dacia Duster 4x4 | Hard off-road 4WD
Hard off-road driving video from off-road polygon with new Dacia Duster 4x4 2018. Nová Dacia Duster druhé generace v náročném terénu. New Dacia Duster second generation in difficult terrain. Nouvelle Dacia Duster deuxième génération en terrain difficile. Neue Dacia Duster zweite Generation in anspruchsvollem Gelände.New generation of the second generation Dacia Duster in difficult terrain.
Renault Duster is a car that is widely popular in Russia. This popularity is explained by several factors:
- relatively low price. There are probably no other cars in the class that could compete with this nominal Frenchman;
- reliability. Of course, Duster does not set the bar for reliability, but judging by the reviews of the owners, the car is quite good;
- comfort of movement. Again, based on the cost and class, the car is very roomy and comfortable. There is a lot of space in the cabin and plenty of space in the luggage compartment.
- availability of all-wheel drive.
Having the ability to actively use all four wheels is a definite advantage vehicle, especially on domestic roads, or rather, in domestic off-road conditions. Going to the dacha, along a country road washed out by rain, taking the family for a picnic in the forest - Duster is certainly capable of all this.
How to enable all-wheel drive on a Renault Duster
Without going into details of the Duster's all-wheel drive yet, because most car enthusiasts do not delve into technical side question, let's explore how to enable all-wheel drive on a Renault Duster.
To activate the function, there is a convenient washer in the car interior, made quite neatly and, one might say, stylishly. It can be installed in one of three positions:
- Lock. In this mode, the car operates in all-wheel drive. Still, we will probably have to touch on the technical side, at least saying that in Lock mode the clutch located in the gearbox is blocked. And the power is evenly distributed between the axles of the car. This mode is recommended for use in off-road conditions, as well as on icy or snowy road. In Lock mode, in order to protect the car's systems, you need to drive at low speeds. Maximum – 80 kilometers per hour. On the forums of owners of this car brand, you can find some information about the mode tests carried out. It should be noted that driving at high speed in this mode can lead to failure of the clutch, and even the gearbox itself. The consequences, frankly, are not very pleasant, since spare parts for Duster are still not cheap;
- 2WD – front-wheel drive mode. The washer in the 2WD position is installed, as a rule, in city conditions or on highways where the quality of the road surface is at least satisfactory. Driving in this mode contributes to significant fuel savings and optimization of vehicle speed. This is the basic mode. Only it is probably used by a large number of duster drivers;
- AUTO is a mode that provides the highest quality traction. Actually, the name of the mode suggests that all adjustments related to the distribution of power on the car’s axle are performed by the computer independently. By default, on a good road, front-wheel drive is used. If the quality of the road surface deteriorates, the system transfers part of the power to the rear axle. The same electromagnetic clutch discussed above can transfer up to 50% of the power to the rear axle. That is, the car can move with all-wheel drive. The question of the need to connect all-wheel drive is decided not by a person, but by a computer.
Which mode to choose in a particular situation should be determined by the car owner. It seems that 2WD mode should become the basic one. As for all-wheel drive, experienced motorists will undoubtedly prefer manual mode. And beginners are advised to trust the automation, which on this machine is quite good and should not let you down.
How does all-wheel drive work on a Duster?
When all the car modes are described and how to turn them on, you can look in more detail at how all-wheel drive on the Duster is designed and works.
The design of Duster cars with front-wheel drive is quite simple. The torque goes into the gearbox and is distributed between the drive wheels. At the ends of which CV joints are installed. To be more precise, the CV joints are only external. The internal hinges have tripods, causing the axles to move with some clearance.
Thus, we can say that the design of the Duster with front drive wheels is simple and typical for most front-wheel drive cars. And this is an undoubted advantage. Renault Duster is a budget car. The simpler it is, the easier and faster it is to repair. A front-wheel drive Duster, alas, will not be able to confidently drive where a Duster with all-wheel drive can go.
The design of Duster cars, which have the ability to connect the rear axle, is similar to the design of such cars as the X-Trail and Qashqai from Nissan. Also, everything is quite simple, but there are certain features.
A special feature of the all-wheel drive model's gearbox is that it has a transfer case, thanks to which the torque is directed to the gearbox located at the rear. The gearbox, as already noted, contains an electromagnetic clutch. By moving the washer you can block the clutch. The clutch can also be locked automatically in the AUTO mode.
If the clutch is locked, torque cannot be directed to the rear axle. When the clutch is not locked, torque is transmitted to the axle. Thus, in fact, the launch and operation of all-wheel drive on the Duster is carried out.
It is worth repeating that using manual all-wheel drive for a long time is not recommended. If the coupling experiences regular heavy loads, it will quickly fail. As a rule, in such a situation, it is not repair but replacement of the coupling that is required. And, alas, it is not cheap.
Thus, the front-wheel drive on a Renault Duster car has a simple device, it is easy to turn on, and you can set one of two modes. It can be noted that, given the class of the car and its cost, all-wheel drive is implemented well. Maybe it could have been better. But the best is the enemy of the good.
Renault Duster 4x4 immediately after its appearance on the market aroused great interest on Russian market. Enough interesting characteristics The crossover was immediately appreciated by thousands of Russians. Today we will take a closer look at the all-wheel drive device Renault Duster and transmission operating modes.
The operating principle of the Renault Duster 4x4 is not new; something similar is used on other small crossovers. For example, the all-wheel drive transmission of the Nissan Qashqai and Juka works exactly the same. The photo at the beginning of the article shows the operation diagram of the Renault Duster all-wheel drive.
The Duster 4x4 gearbox is made in a single housing with an additional transfer gearbox. When the front wheels rotate, the shank of the transfer unit, to which the driveshaft is attached, constantly rotates. And the cardan shaft transfers the torque to the rear gearbox. But in front of the rear gearbox there is an electromagnetic clutch, the task of which is either to transmit torque further, or to allow the cardan to rotate idle. It is this clutch that is the main element of the connected rear drive, without which the 4x4 transmission on the Duster would not exist at all. What does this transmission element look like from behind, under the bottom of the crossover? See the photo below.
The operation of the entire all-wheel drive can be done from inside the crossover using a small washer, which just blocks or unlocks the electromagnetic clutch. Thereby turning a single-drive compact crossover V all-wheel drive SUV. There are three operating modes in total.
First operating mode 2WD– the front wheels and cardan rotate, but the electromagnetic clutch does not transmit torque to the rear gearbox.
All-wheel drive mode “Lock”– the electromagnetic clutch is blocked and the torque goes to the rear gearbox, then to the rear wheels.
Automatic mode “Auto”– In this mode, when the front wheels slip, for example on ice or other slippery surfaces, the electromagnetic clutch turns on itself and causes the rear wheels to also rotate.
It is worth noting that you cannot constantly drive in “Lock” mode, as this will lead to overheating of the electromagnetic clutch and its breakdown. Naturally, in all-wheel drive mode, fuel consumption on a Duster 4x4 increases, especially off-road.
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List of manual operations in 1 from 8