What is the name of the UAZ on large wheels? How to choose wheel sizes for a UAZ. Variation on a theme by Gelika

Production: Martorelli SRI.

Start of release: 1973

For the first time, citizens of the former Soviet republics learned about the connection between the Ulyanovsk Automobile Plant and the Italian surname Martorelli in 1975. Then information appeared on the pages of the Soviet press about the “469s” participating in the international race across the Sahara, which was organized by the same Martorelli family to attract the attention of other Italians to the outlandish SUVs of the Land of the Soviets.

In addition, UAZs began to be equipped with foreign power units (they were installed in Ulyanovsk). In total, there were four models in the Martorelli line, of which the UAZ-Explorer with its original gasoline UMZ-451M (2,500 cm3, 75 hp) was considered the most affordable car. The rest are UAZ-Marathon with a Peugeot XD2 diesel engine (2,500 cm3, 76 hp), UAZ-Dakar with a Vittorio Martorelli VM turbodiesel (2,400 cm3, 100 hp), UAZ-Racing with gasoline engine FIAT (2,000 cm3, 112 hp) – were significantly more expensive.

Over the 26 years of fruitful cooperation between the enterprising Martorelli brothers and the Ulyanovsk plant, more than 6.6 thousand modified UAZs were sold in Southern Europe, some of which were brought to Russia in the early 90s as foreign-made products.

UAZ-3907 "Jaguar"

Production: UAZ.

Show: 1983

The UAZ-3907 Jaguar amphibious vehicle, which was created on the basis of the 469 model, was awarded a state prize in 1983. During tests carried out since 1980, it amazed the imagination. It was capable of moving through water at a speed of 8-10 km/h, sailing with twenty-one people on board (the design of the cabin was designed for seven), turning on water without a water rudder (using the front wheels), moving on land at speed 100 km/h, work at temperatures with a huge range (from +45° to −47°), tow a trailer weighing up to 0.75 tons... And despite the increased weight, have excellent cross-country ability thanks to the flat bottom. With all this, the Jaguar looked like an ordinary off-road vehicle, and not like a cross between a motor boat and a representative of the wheeled dynasty.

Since 1986, under a separate agreement with the KGB, development of a modification with the installation of six pairs of skis began for border guards, which also showed excellent results during testing. The only sad thing about this whole story was the end. In 1990, due to lack of promised funding, the project was canceled. In total, 14 unique amphibians were born.

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UAZ-31512 TRUCK LLD

Production:"LLD-auto", Moscow.

Start of release: 1994

In 1993, visitors to the Moscow International Motor Show saw cars that were immediately dubbed “Russian Martorellis.” These were UAZ-31512, which were trained at the first private automobile plant in Russia, organized by the Larin brothers and their friends. The level of work done, as a result of which the Ulyanovsk “all-terrain vehicles” were noticeably transformed, was at its best, and the bulk of all materials used were domestically produced.

However, more interest was attracted by the model of the same company, which was presented a year later at the same place. It's about about the four-seater pickup truck UAZ-31512 TRUCK LLD. Its creators had to do the following: increase the base of a regular UAZ by 650 mm, increase the side panels in the rear, add one main leaf to the rear spring packages, and make the rear wall of the cab vertical (made of plastic).

The result is an attractive pickup truck with a 2+2 seating position (as specified by the manufacturer) and a 1.7-meter-long cargo platform capable of holding 2.5 cubic meters of cargo. Unfortunately, everything related to the brakes, components and assemblies of the chassis was not changed or replaced with a more suitable one, although this was possible. The reason for such a strange step was the high cost of the cars due to the fact that initially UAZs were purchased not at the enterprise in Ulyanovsk, but from ordinary dealers who were good at increasing the price.

During the peak period (1994-1995), the LLD-auto enterprise produced up to 40 cars monthly, but in the second half of the 90s, the demand for modified UAZs began to fall sharply, and ultimately the first private automobile plant ceased to exist.

ShZSA-3939

Manufacturer: JSC "ShZSA", Shumerlya (Chuvashia).

Start of release: 1994

With the transition to a market economy, the newly formed states were overwhelmed by a wave of crime. Organized gangster groups were haunted by the money turnover of individuals, companies and enterprises. Raids on places where large amounts of cash had accumulated at a certain time became more frequent. But attacks on collectors, who at that time still had ordinary cars, were especially popular. This situation could not last long - specialized mobile vehicles equipped with armor were required.

The first attempt to create an armored car on our own was carried out by the Shumerlinsky Special Vehicles Plant, presenting the model 3939 to the public. The basis for the armored car was the UAZ 31512, for which, together with the “hull plant,” clothing was made to protect the valuable contents. The body was redrawn from start to finish; it is similar to the UAZ only by the bevel of the lower part on the driver's door.

Contrary to the beliefs of many, only the cargo-passenger compartment, and not the entire vehicle, was made of high-strength armored steel in ShZSA-3939. The hood, stylized as armor, was made in order to scare away lovers of easy money from afar.

There is little information about ShZSA-3939. It is known that production continued in the second half of the nineties, most of the produced cars are already out of use and are “lay up” in yards. Some examples were converted into combat vehicles for military operations in Chechnya, and anyone can see the armored car with their own eyes - it stands as a monument in front of the building of the Rosinkas association in Volgograd.

NAMI – UAZ 469 “Jager”

Production: NAMI, Moscow.

Show: 1998

What could be more passable than an UAZ? Only UAZ on low pressure tires! After all, as you know, large and soft wheels provide maximum traction area with the surface. "Eger" is one of the many versions of UAZ with such a chassis.

Its design was based on the serial UAZ 469 with enlarged wheel arches, additional sills and geared tires with ultra-low pressure produced by NPF TREKOL, slightly modified by NAMI. The Ulyanovsk SUV was chosen for the role of the main donor for a reason.

The design of its chassis required the least modification, saving time and money. A year later, the all-terrain vehicle, prepared for driving on soft ground, wetlands, virgin snow, as well as overcoming water obstacles by swimming, was shown to the public. And a year later, NPF TREKOL presented an independent, but very similar development in this area - TREKOL 39041, which is also based on the serial UAZ. Production of the car is still ongoing.

UAZ-3159 "Bars"

Production: UAZ.

Start of release: 1999

“Land Rover has become expensive and prestigious, Gelendevagen too. Why is UAZ worse?” – they thought at the factory and made a long-wheelbase modification of the UAZ-3153. A little later, its “luxury” modification appeared - “Bars”.

In order to make a competitive car out of the new model, the stretched body was endowed with plastic linings, steps were installed under the sills, the windows were made sliding, the rear door was hinged, a hatch was cut into the roof... and these are only visible changes.

Under the hood was installed a new generation 16-valve engine - ZMZ-409 with electronic fuel injection. Due to the use of gear axles combined with front spring and rear leaf spring suspensions, it was possible to increase the suspension by 80 mm ground clearance and on 165 mm track. In addition, the UAZ was equipped with power steering and five-speed gearbox transmission

The only thing that spoiled the whole thing was the interior, which, despite attempts to refine it, remained terrible (hard molded plastic, fabric upholstery on the door panels, etc.). In addition, parts kept falling off. It was not possible to grow a Gelik from a UAZ. For the nine years that Bars was in the production program of the Ulyanovsk plant, only 10 thousand long-wheelbase copies found their owners.

UAZ-3150 "Naughty"

Production: UAZ.

Show: 1999

Although “Scamp” did not become a serial product, it managed to appear in one of the unofficial modifications for the game GTA: San Andreas

If there is a long wheelbase version, then there must be a short wheelbase version too! If you try to please customers who crave respectability, then you can try to “reach out” to young people... Obviously, UAZ was guided by this logic.

“Shalun” is an open “sports and entertainment” version of the UAZ-31512 with a wheelbase reduced by 380 mm, equipped with powerful chrome-plated safety bars, an easily removable awning and four comfortable seats. Under its hood it was proposed to install two engines: UMZ-4213.10 (2.9 liters) and ZMZ-409 (2.7 liters), capable of giving the car good dynamics (compared to production models).

However, getting rid of extra centimeters and kilograms had a positive effect not only on maximum speed and acceleration time, as a result of these changes the SUV’s maneuverability and maneuverability have improved. Along with the civilian version, an army version was presented, the bottom and engine of which were covered with armor plates.

Alas, at the time of the premiere, the consumer market was not ready for the emergence of a domestic competitor to the American Jeep Wrangler, which, in principle, is not very popular in Russia. A total of six copies of the shortened open-top UAZ were assembled, five of which were sold.

Scorpio-1

Production: Corporation "Zashchita"

Start of release: 2003

The fact that the UAZ 469 was developed primarily for the army has never been a secret. For many years, this vehicle was the main command transport in the USSR, and then throughout the entire post-Soviet space. To say that the car is outdated is to say nothing.

However, making major design changes on a production scale is not so easy - it takes years and considerable investment. As a result, smaller enterprises came to the rescue, including the Zashchita Corporation with its Scorpion-1 project. Taking a quick glance at their car, they fail to see anything strange - an ordinary UAZ 31512, maybe a three-door one. And taking a closer look...

In order to solve the problem of lack of free space, the SUV body was expanded by cutting along and welding a 270 mm insert. We worked on the “Barsovo bridges” in order to increase the track. They got rid of the rear doors, but widened the front ones. The result is a unique vehicle, superior to the serial UAZ in terms of the possibility of retrofitting (hidden armor, installation of large-caliber small arms automatic weapons) without loss of space for personnel.

It is difficult to verify the veracity of this, although the possibility that such a test could have taken place and the UAZ showed good results still exists. But even despite this, the caterpillar belt has been and will remain more effective than any wheels (except for wheels with low pressure) in severe climate conditions.

The associate professor of the Department of Automobiles and Tractors of the Nizhny Novgorod State University knew this very well. technical university A. Anikin, who in 2003 created the Ukhtysh snow and swamp-going all-terrain vehicle on caterpillar tracks.

The design consists of a sealed steel body with UAZ units, onto which a body was installed, cut along just below the break line of the body panels. The interior remained visually unchanged with the exception of the horned steering wheel in place of the steering wheel.

“Ukhtysh” did not become widespread, but the design was generally recognized as very successful and successful, and for several more years the car was assembled at the All-Terrain Vehicle Plant and sold at a price of under 1 million rubles.

The result was an all-terrain vehicle for transporting personnel, whose upper component not only adorned the most popular Soviet all-wheel drive truck, but also allowed the people sitting inside to feel much more comfortable than in the flatbed body.

Roman’s first car from the Komi Republic was a BMW 5-Series, but after driving it for exactly a year, he decided to sell it. The thing is that such a car was not very suitable for the harsh northern conditions, where there is a lot of snow and few high-quality asphalt roads. For the harsh climate it was necessary all-wheel drive SUV! So Roman’s choice fell on our domestic UAZ all-wheel drive SUV.

During his military service, Roman already had experience with UAZ. What he liked about the car was its reliability and cross-country ability. It was for this reason that he began to look for an old model car on military bridges, but with a living body. The search for a donor lasted about a year. In 2009, Roman managed to find a 1993 UAZ 417 suitable for his purposes with gear axles, albeit with a slightly dented, but living body. And the goal was a bright expedition vehicle on large wheels, on which you can drive to any place and not be afraid of snow or bad roads.

“There were, of course, problems with the engine, axles and brakes. In the first six months I brought it to working condition"- says Roman.

After driving the UAZ off-road for a year and a half in stock condition, the author of the project decided to add even more cross-country capability to the SUV. It all started with the installation of 33-inch wheels (over time they were replaced by 38s). And so it started that Roman could no longer be stopped. Today he uses his expedition vehicle for hunting, fishing, tourism and travel in the Subpolar Urals.

“At first I just wanted to improve the off-road qualities of the car: install 33 tires and a small lift”- Roman shares.

Having installed 33-inch wheels and driven the SUV around, Roman decided to freshen up the body a little: he disassembled it, straightened it, puttyed it and covered it with primer. For a long time, our today's hero could not decide on the body color, but settled on bright orange.

For contrast, black plastic overlays were added to some parts of the body: snorkel, moldings, armrests, door pillar overlays, hinge overlays, radiator, tailgate and door trim, spoiler, deflector. Front power bumper RIF of the new model. For beauty, 2 tank headlights were installed high beam FG-126, in which 5000K xenon kits were introduced.

“Many are opponents of plastic at UAZ. Of course, it depends on you, but I really like to change the external and internal design of my UAZ using parts made from this material.”- Roman shares.

The UAZ is used both for everyday driving in the city and off-road. Roman was not satisfied with his native low-power engine, and he decided to find another one. Initially he wanted to install Japanese diesel engine, but after thinking several times, his choice fell on the ZMZ 409 - 2.7-liter gasoline unit 150 hp

The most interesting point It turned out to be the introduction of an engine from later modified UAZ models, since Roman had no experience with the 409 engine. He had to completely change all the electrical wiring, rework all the engine and gearbox fastenings, and lay a fuel line. Despite all the difficulties, the author of the project was pleased with his choice. Along with this, old box gears were replaced with a new five-speed from ADS, and gears from 3.3 were installed in the transfer case.

The frame of the UAZ did not go unnoticed. It took more than a week to clean and paint it alone. As soon as it came to joining the frame with the body, new sets of cushions and a 60 mm body lift were installed on it. Next came a new exhaust, a 100-liter tank and power steering. Both bridges were equipped with automatic interlocks and disc brakes. The suspension has also undergone changes. All springs were completely replaced with 3-leaf springs from Euro-loaf, and GAZ 53 shock absorbers were added.

As befits any expeditioner, the car from our story today is equipped with a snorkel, a winch, a chandelier, a trunk on top, a diagnostic trip computer Multitronics MPC-800 and HELLA work lights (on the rear of the trunk).

“The first drive in our small town was a sensation, many people came up, were interested and took pictures with the UAZ. “To this day, some pedestrians turn around and follow him with their gaze.”- Roman shares.

Roman’s plans include refining the interior, but he hasn’t decided on this yet, and remaking the doors and doorways: from a 5-door to a 3-door. There were no difficulties in implementing the project; all alterations took place as normal scheduled repairs by the hands of the project author in his own garage.

“Last summer we tried to scout out the road to Lake Haimato. We didn’t make it a bit, the July snow got in the way. We then drove about 100 km from the settlement, which by local standards is very far on wheeled vehicles.”- says the author of the project.

MO. Chekhovsky district.
February 2016

This is far from the first all-terrain vehicle from the VECTOR4X4 company, but one of the few in which the UAZ roots are easily discernible.

All-terrain vehicle" Vector U-469"created on the basis of the UAZ Hunter car

However, they didn’t just put “big” wheels on it, they did some “magic” on it

To keep the pedal assembly unchanged, the front axle had to be moved forward, and to keep the rear doors, rear axle move back. As a result, the wheelbase increased by 600mm (but now the approach angle has become completely negative)

New mounts

The car frame was lengthened and strengthened.

To install large wheels, a body lift with 60mm spacers was required

The choice of tires was determined by the purpose of the all-terrain vehicle - it will have to drive on the roads of Yakutia. Tundra and swamps are his element.
Accordingly, the all-terrain vehicle must float.
Buoyancy is provided by huge tires. Plus, in rims. buoyancy blocks are located. This allows you to have less draft on the water and protects the discs from excess dirt.

Wheels with a diameter of 21" are made in-house and equipped with beadlocks.

To cover such large wheels, new wheel arches were made

They are reinforced from the inside with a square profile so that you can walk on them.

For operation in Yakutia, work was carried out to insulate the car. The ceiling, doors and floor are covered with thermal insulation materials. They did not make double glass, this was the customer’s wish.
Work was carried out to treat the underbody and interior of the car with anti-corrosion compounds.

A power bumper from RIF is installed at the front. An additional LED light is mounted on the bumper.

An electric winch Come Up 9500 in a hermetically sealed design is located in the standard place of the power bumper

Power thresholds manufactured by RIF are installed on the sides

To make it easier to get into the high cabin, special running boards are welded to them.

Since the frame of the all-terrain vehicle has become longer, a loading platform has been created at the rear. With its help, it has become more convenient to load a tall vehicle.

The Hunter swing door remained unchanged.

There are standard 5 seats inside.
Under rear seats a compressor station based on Berkut-24 was located

A compressor station is needed for the wheel inflation system and for controlling pneumatic locks.

The main highlight of the all-terrain vehicle is the original wheel gearbox with a reduction of 2.8.

The gearboxes are serially manufactured by the Vector4x4 company itself and are intended for installation on UAZ, TOYOTA, NISSAN, JEEP vehicles with ultra-low pressure tires up to 1600 mm in size or extreme mud tires (bogger, simex) up to 44 inches.
Gearbox housing made of duralumin from D16T alloy, gears from agricultural machinery that have undergone careful screening, axle shafts of the original design.
The gearboxes have an input for the pneumatic line for pumping up the wheels.

Wheel inflation control is centralized. Directly from the cabin, you can adjust the pressure from 0.1 atm for traveling in swampy areas and up to 1.2 atm for traveling on public roads.

Pneumatic lines:

Disc brakes are installed front and rear.

The locks are also controlled from the cab. Indicators for turning on the locks are displayed on the dashboard

Herself dashboard remained virtually unchanged

Steering of an all-terrain vehicle with hydraulic power.
The steering bipod is reinforced.

The 5-speed gearbox is standard, the GP and manual transmission also remain unchanged.
Only the cardan shafts had to be redone due to the extended base of the car. They were lengthened, increased in diameter and rebalanced.

Everything is standard under the hood of the all-terrain vehicle

Gasoline engine ZMZ-409

The sides of the engine compartment are covered with special mudguards. This protects against dirt.

The all-terrain vehicle is equipped with a hunting hatch.

In order to experience for ourselves what it is like to control an all-terrain vehicle, we went out into the open spaces of the NATI training ground.
There are ups and downs, snowdrifts and ravines.

I must say. that the Vector U-469 is easy to drive, like a regular UAZ.
It is clear that due to the lowering of the final drives, the speed will be lower, but this is partly compensated by the large wheels.

As befits an all-terrain vehicle with low-pressure tires, the vehicle runs smoothly. Small bumps are absorbed by soft tires.

The all-terrain vehicle went through hard-packed ascents and descents with a working pressure of 0.6 without straining.
For virgin soil, the wheels were reduced to 0.3.
The only obstacle that the all-terrain vehicle could not overcome was the slope of the shore of an artificial reservoir. A couple of meters before the top, the wheels tore off the snow cover and the ice underneath. There was no longer enough wheel grip, and the inertia that could have helped had long since dried up. So everyone needs a winch vehicle all-terrain!

I was pleased with the presence of inter-wheel locks. Without them, the all-terrain vehicle could fall into a trap even with a slight diagonal hanging. And so: I turned on two levers and drove off as if nothing had happened.

But changing tire pressure takes time. It takes 10-15 minutes to inflate or deflate all four tires.
But there is time to have a snack. It’s as if there was a table in the back made especially for this :)

Snow and swamp vehicle " Vector U-469" is positioned as a more budget-friendly analogue of TREKOL.

Absolutely no one will argue that the UAZ on large wheels looks much more impressive than its factory-made counterpart. In addition, Ulyanovsk SUVs have long had a reputation for not being very reliable cars, but this is more than compensated for by the significant cheapness of spare parts and components. But the integration of wheels of increased diameter is always combined with multifaceted tuning, which can transform the already significant functionality of a given car.

It is especially popular among fans of off-road conquest. To implement this on your own, first of all, you need to integrate spacers between the body and frame, which can be implemented, for example, with hockey pucks, which are installed on all 12 mounting bolts, 2 pieces per bolt.

You will also need to replace the spring earrings with longer analogues from the Gazelle. The installation process itself is quite simple and does not take too much time, and it will also allow you to install 35 wheels without any problems. These installations will increase the jeep's ground clearance by 10 cm, and this will lead to improved cross-country ability of the vehicle and the protection of its many structural components.

Of course, the idea of ​​​​integrating washers is absolutely not new, and it can be used on any car. However, in addition to these elements, there are also branded imported body lift kits on the market, which are priced at around $200. Many may say that it makes no sense to throw away such money, but this is not entirely true. Factory kits are made from special plastic, undergo mandatory certification and testing, they are resistant to heat, shock and vibration, but nothing specific can be said about the washers. In any case, the choice remains with the car owner himself.

In general, the UAZ suspension lift has positive and negative sides. The main advantage of this modification is the possibility of improving the geometric cross-country ability of the SUV and installation rims larger diameter. However, this causes an increase in the angles of the universal joints, which begin to break, so you cannot limit yourself to just one suspension lift.

To implement a UAZ SUV on large wheels, there are several options for lifting the suspension. The simplest of them is the above method with the integration of longer spring earrings, various spacers, as well as the possibility of spring-loading the springs. With the first option, it is necessary not to overdo it with the length of the earrings, as this can lead to deterioration in handling and a change in the performance of the suspension not for the better.